Review Article

Cell Transplantation for Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Table 4

In vivo transplantations of olfactory ensheathing cells.

First authorYearSCI ModelsMain graftTransplantation methodsPre-differentiation or pretreatedCombinationTissue sparingNeuronal regenerationAxonal regeneration
/remyelination
Sensory functionMotor functionCavity and/or scare formationInflammationOthers

Ziegler, [88]2011T9, complete transection-ratsRats OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
Imp.Improvements in MEPs
Lu, [89]2006C4, dorsal hemisection-ratsRats OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
No Imp.Partially Imp.
Collazos-Castro, [90]2005C7, contusion-ratsRats OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
No Imp.No Imp.Partially Imp.
Centenaro, [91]2011T9, complete transection-ratsOLP and RLP-ratsLesion site,
i. medu.
Imp.No Imp.
Aoki, [92]2010T10, complete transection-ratsRats-whole-layer olfactory mucosaRostral and caudal
i. medu.
Partially Imp.Partially Imp.No Imp.
Richter, [93]2005C4, dorsal lateral hemisection-ratsMouse lamina propria-derived OECsLesion epicenter and rostral
i. medu.
Imp.Imp.Imp.Enhanced angiogenesis
Zhang, [94]2011T10, contusion-ratsOLP and RLP-ratsLesion site,
i. medu.
Imp.Activation of host SCs
Zhang, [95]2011T10, contusion-ratsRats lamina propria-derived OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
Glial scar ablation + OECsImp.No Imp.Imp.Activation of host SCs
Yamamoto, [96]2009T10, hemisection-ratsRats OECsLesion epicenter i. medu.No Imp.
Muñoz-Quiles, [97]2009T9, complete transection-ratsRats OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
Imp.Imp.Imp.Best results in sub-acute transplantation group
Novikova, [98]2011C4, lateral hemisection-ratsRats OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
3 Weeks or 7 weeks pre-cultureImp.Imp.Aged cells are less effective
Toft, [99]2007L3, lateral hemisection-ratsRats OECsLesion site,
i. medu.
Imp.Imp.Improvements in cord dorsum potentials and SEPs
Liu, [100]2010T11-12, catheter compression-ratsRats OECsLesion epicenter i. medu.Imp.Imp.Improvements in SEPs and MEPs
alinčík, [101]2010T4, complete transection-ratsRats OECsLesion epicenter i. medu.Imp.Improvements of autonomic dysreflexia
Tharion, [102]2011T10, contusion-ratsRats OECsLesion site,
rostral and caudal i. medu.
Imp.Imp.Improvements of MEPs
Stamegna, [103]2011C2, lateral hemisection-ratsRats OECsLesion site,
rostral and caudal i. medu.
Imp.Imp.Imp.Improvements in diaphragm activities
Improvements in phrenic nerve activities
Bretzner, [104]2010C4, dorsal lateral hemisection-ratsMice OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
cAMP infusion + OECsImp.Imp.Imp.Imp.Imp.
Ma, [105]2010T9, contusion-ratsRats OECsLesion level,
rostral and caudal s. i.
NT-3-transfectionImp.Imp.
Salehi, [57]2009T9, complete transection-ratsRats OECsLesion site,
i. medu.
MNs + OECsImp.Imp.Imp.Imp.Imp.
Amemori, [106]2010T8 balloon catheter compression-ratsRats OECsRostral and caudal
i. medu.
OECs + MSCsImp.Partially Imp.Partially Imp.Partial improvements of MEPs

—: Not reported; Imp.: Improvement; i. medu.: intramedullary injection; s. i.: subarachnoid injection; SCI: spinal cord injury; MNs: motoneurons, SCs: Schwann cells; OECs: olfactory ensheathing cells; RLP: respiratory lamina propria; OLP: olfactory lamina propria; MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells.