The Effect of NeuroMuscular Electrical Stimulation on Quadriceps Strength and Knee Function in Professional Soccer Players: Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction

Table 2

Goniometry pendulum test in group A.

Parameter	Before therapy		After therapy		Followup				Level of significance
					1 month		3 months
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
𝜆
Operated	0.57	0.19	0.56	0.16	0.55	0.20	0.55	0.22	𝑃>0.05
Nonoperated	0.47	0.18	0.45	0.19	0.46	0.22	0.46	0.22	*(in all comparisons)
𝛽 [s^−1]
Operated	0.77	0.30	0.77	0.28	0.74	0.22	0.75	0.30	𝑃>0.05
Non-operated	0.57	0.30	0.56	0.31	0.53	0.23	0.54	0.30	*(in all comparisons)
𝑇 [s]
Operated	0.89	0.30	0.94	0.30	0.95	0.27	0.93	0.30	𝑃>0.05
Non-operated	0.95	0.22	0.99	0.19	0.99	0.19	0.98	0.21	*(in all comparisons)
𝑛
Operated	3.32	1.22	3.32	1.43	3.31	1.21	3.32	1.25	𝑃>0.05
Non-operated	4.78	1.22	4.87	1.45	4.86	1.21	4.87	1.21	*(in all comparisons)
𝑡 [s]
Operated	2.07	1.22	2.07	1.52	2.12	1.10	2.13	1.21	𝑃>0.05
Non-operated	3.04	1.20	3.04	1.45	3.01	1.13	3.01	1.13	*(in all comparisons)

∗Analysis of variance ANOVA.
Legends:
𝜆: logarithm decrement of suppression (more than 0.65 is pathology of I Outebridge degree of the articular cartilage), 𝛽: suppression index (more than 0.85 is pathology of I Outebridge degree of the articular cartilage), 𝑇: period of oscillations (less than 0.75 is pathology of I Outebridge degree of the articular cartilage), 𝑛: number of oscillations (less than 3.00 is pathology of I Outebridge degree of the articular cartilage), and 𝑡: whole time of oscillations (less than 1.50 is pathology of I Outebridge degree of the articular cartilage).