TLR Stimulation of Bone Marrow Lymphoid Precursors from Childhood Acute Leukemia Modifies Their Differentiation Potentials

Figure 2

TLR agonists promote the production of hematopoietic factors by precursor cells from B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). ALL BM CD34⁺ cells were stimulated with TLR agonists for 48 h. LPS was used as a ligand for TLR4, while flagellin was the ligand for TLR5, PolyU for TLR7/8, and CpG for TLR9. Supernatants were further collected upon 48 h stimulation and assayed for 16 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Normalized production relative to mock conditions was tabulated.