Responses of Growth Performance and Proinflammatory Cytokines Expression to Fish Oil Supplementation in Lactation Sows’ and/or Weaned Piglets’ Diets

Table 5

Fatty acids composition of longissimus dorsi muscle.

Fatty acid	Diet^1				SEM	P-value^2
	CC	CT	TC	TT		L	PW	L × PW
Fatty acid composition, g/100 g total fatty acid
C14:0	1.77	1.72	1.33	1.58	0.10	0.03	0.34	0.17
C16:0	25.07	23.36	22.66	21.62	0.45	0.01	0.02	0.49
C16:1n-7	4.01	4.07	3.02	4.08	0.16	0.11	0.01	0.02
C18:0	10.24	10.78	10.87	7.38	0.59	0.03	0.06	0.01
C18:1n-9	33.41	26.10	34.05	31.53	1.26	0.06	0.01	0.11
C18:1n-7	2.97	3.87	3.50	3.56	0.24	0.66	0.06	0.10
C18:2n-6	16.09	17.38	15.90	13.76	0.52	0.06	0.44	0.02
C18:3n-3	0.65	0.76	0.64	0.79	0.04	0.77	0.01	0.61
C20:0	0.11	0.09	0.09	0.06	0.01	<0.01	<0.01	0.44
C20:1n-9	0.44	0.79	0.56	1.00	0.04	<0.01	<0.01	0.35
C20:4n-6	2.09	1.80	1.49	0.68	0.24	0.01	0.06	0.31
C20:5n-3	0.07	1.43	0.19	1.34	0.10	0.87	<0.01	0.38
C22:5n-3	0.10	0.29	0.84	0.83	0.04	0.01	<0.01	0.04
C22:6n-3	0.22	1.19	0.45	1.57	0.15	0.13	<0.01	0.65
SFA^3	34.29	31.95	32.96	30.55	0.60	<0.01	<0.01	0.08
MUFA^3	40.83	34.82	41.14	40.17	1.28	0.05	0.02	0.07
n-6 PUFA^3	18.18	19.18	17.39	14.43	0.61	0.02	0.16	0.02
n-3 PUFA^3	1.03	4.22	1.57	4.54	0.27	0.24	<0.01	0.78
PUFA^3	19.21	23.40	18.96	18.97	0.71	0.08	0.03	0.03
n-6/n-3^3	17.71	4.55	11.24	3.30	0.65	<0.01	<0.01	0.01
P/S^3	0.56	0.65	0.54	0.57	0.03	0.13	0.10	0.34

1Values are means ± pooled SEM, 𝑛=7. CC: all period fed lard diet; CT: post-weaning period fed fish oil diet; TC: lactation period fed fish oil diet; TT: all period fed fish oil diet.
2Effects of lactation (L) and the post-weaning (PW) or the interaction between lactation and the starter diet period (L × PW).
3Fatty acids are designated by the number of carbon atoms followed by the number of double bonds. The position of the first double bond relative to the methyl (n) end of the molecule is also indicated. SFA: saturated fatty acids, MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; ∑SFA: the sum of C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0; ∑MUFA: the sum of C16:1 (n-7) and C18:1 (n-9); ∑(n-6) PUFA: the sum of C18:2 (n-6) and C20:4 (n-6); ∑(n-3) PUFA: the sum of C18:3 (n-3), C20:5 (n-3), C22:5 (n-3), and C22:6 (n-3); ∑PUFA: the sum of ∑(n-6) PUFA and ∑(n-3) PUFA.