Antiosteoclastic Activity of Milk Thistle Extract after Ovariectomy to Suppress Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Osteoporosis

Table 1

Effects of milk thistle extract (MTE) and silibinin on growth and toxicity in ovariectomized (OVX) mice.

	Sham control	OVX	OVX-MTE	OVX-silibinin
Initial BW (g)	22.89 ± 2.52	22.92 ± 3.15	22.67 ± 2.04	22.60 ± 1.69
Final BW (g)	23.80 ± 2.31^b	26.22 ± 2.64^a	24.86 ± 1.95^ab	24.18 ± 1.10^ab
ADG (mg/d)	23.19 ± 3.31^c	62.65 ± 9.15^a	56.80 ± 7.39^a	37.20 ± 6.50^b
ADFI (g/d)	3.85 ± 0.06	3.86 ± 0.06	4.03 ± 0.06	3.75 ± 0.06
FER	0.59 ± 0.08^c	1.62 ± 0.24^a	1.39 ± 0.18^a	0.99 ± 0.16^b
Liver weight (g)	1.17 ± 0.08	1.14 ± 0.06	1.14 ± 0.03	1.13 ± 0.05
LW/BW (%)	4.86 ± 0.27^a	4.38 ± 0.12^b	4.54 ± 0.19^ab	4.67 ± 0.25^a
Serum GOP (IU/L)	50.35 ± 1.94	50.25 ± 1.62	50.16 ± 1.32	48.71 ± 1.69
Serum GPT (IU/L)	22.84 ± 1.31	21.96 ± 1.37	21.77 ± 1.77	21.71 ± 1.32

C57BL/6 female mice (11 weeks of age, 20–25 g) were surgically ovariectomized and orally supplemented with 10 mg/kg MTE and silibinin daily for 8 weeks. BW: body weight; ADG: average daily gain; ADFI: average daily food intake; FER: food efficiency ratio; OVX: ovariectomy; LW: liver weight. Values are means ± SEM of 9 mice. Respective values in the same row not sharing the same superscript differ, 𝑃<0.05.