Alga Ecklonia bicyclis, Tribulus terrestris, and Glucosamine Oligosaccharide Improve Erectile Function, Sexual Quality of Life, and Ejaculation Function in Patients with Moderate Mild-Moderate Erectile Dysfunction: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Blinded Study
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients enrolled.
Group A (TRADAMIX TX 1000)
Group B (Placebo)
Number of patients
87
90
Age (yr), mean ± SD
63.92 ± 9.3
65.37 ± 8.81
BMI (Kg/m²), mean ± SD
26.36 ± 3.0
25.2 ± 3.5
Hypertension, (%)
40 (44.94)
42 (46.66)
Dyslipidemia, (%)
24 (27.58)
2 (25.5)
Diabetes, (%)
17 (19.54)
18 (20.0)
Total testosterone, mean
14.69 ± 1.25
13.26 ± 1.02
Smoking habit, (%)
40 (39.21)
38 (38.0)
IIEF-EF, mean ± SD
21.16 ± 4.08
20.71 ± 3.77
IIEF-IS, mean ± SD
5.80 ± 2.07
6.06 ± 1.91
IIEF-OF, mean ± SD
5.11 ± 1.23
5.37 ± 1.37
IIEF-SD, mean ± SD
7.97 ± 1.69
7.80 ± 1.81
IIEF-OS, mean ± SD
4.89 ± 1.66
4.86 ± 1.44
MSHQ-EjD, mean ± SD
14.89 ± 3.09
14.50 ± 2.87
SQoL-M, mean ± SD
54.21 ± 2.11
55.87 ± 2.35
PSV, mean ± SD
31.52 ± 6.60
30.02 ± 5.56
EDV, mean ± SD
1.5 ± 1.0
1.2 ± 2.0
Normal arterial function (PSV ≥ 35 cm/s), (%)
36 (35.3)
30 (33.3)
Moderate arterial dysfunction (PSV ≥ 25 and <35 cm/s), (%)
31 (30.4)
29 (32.2)
Severe arterial dysfunction (PSV < 25 cm/s), (%)
20 (19.6)
22 (24.4)
BMI = Body Mass Index; IIEF-EF = International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function; IIEF-IS = International Index of Erectile Function-Intercourse Satisfaction; IIEF-OF = International Index of Erectile Function-Orgasmic Function; IIEF-SD = International Index of Erectile Function-Sexual Desire; IIEF-OS = International Index of Erectile Function-Overall Satisfaction; MSHS-EJD = Male Sexual Health Questionnaire-Ejaculation Disorder; SQoL-M = sexual quality of life instrument for men; PSV = peak systolic velocity; EDV = end diastolic velocity.
