Antimicrobial Activity of Artemisinin and Precursor Derived from In Vitro Plantlets of Artemisia annua L.

Table 3

Antimicrobial activity of precursor (6 mg/mL) isolated from three clones of A. annua L., streptomycin (6 mg/mL) as positive control and acetonitrile as negative control tested by disk diffusion assay.

Microorganisms	Inhibition zone (mm)
	Precursor			Control
	TC1	TC2	Highland	Positive	Negative
Bacillus subtilis	1±0.89^a	1±0.63^a	1±0.63^a	1±2.23^a	0±0.00^b
Staphylococcus aureus	3±2.41^a	2±1.18^a	3±1.40^a	3±2.28^a	0±0.00^b
Bacillus thuringiensis	1±0.00^a	1±0.00^a	1±0.0^a	1±0.58^a	0±0.00^b
Escherichia coli	3±0.00^a	2±0.00^b	1±0.00^c	3±0.00^a	0±0.00^d
Salmonella spp.	1±0.00^a	1±0.50^a	1±0.50^a	1±0.00^a	0±0.00^b
Candida albicans	0±0.00^b	0±0.00^b	0±0.00^b	10±1.08^a	0±0.00^b

Values are mean inhibition zone (mm) ± SD of three replicates.
Mean values of inhibition zones of each microorganism followed by the same alphabet were not significantly different (Tukey test, 𝑃≤0.05).