Proteomic Profiling of the Dystrophin-Deficient mdx Phenocopy of Dystrophinopathy-Associated Cardiomyopathy

Figure 1

Overview of proteomic methods used in comparative studies of the heart. Shown is a flowchart of the various techniques used to identify changes in the cardiac proteome, including label-free mass spectrometry, gel-based methods (GE, gel electrophoresis), and cellular analyses (SILAC, stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture; iTRAQ, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation). To illustrate the typical work flow of a gel-based analysis of the dystrophic heart proteome, two-dimensional gels representing the urea-soluble proteome from the young versus the aged mdx heart are shown. The post-electrophoretic labeling of cardiac proteins with the fluorescent dye RuBPs (ruthenium II tris bathophenantroline disulfonate) was carried out by standard methodology [17].