Relating Education, Brain Structure, and Cognition: The Role of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Table 4

Unstandardised biased corrected effects with 95% CI and significance level from a bootstrap of 1000 samples.

	CVD risk factors	Grey matter volumes	White matter volumes	IR	SDMT	COWAT-A	STW
	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)	(95% CI)
Reduced model
Education	−0.085; (−0.174–0.009)	0.204**; (0.100–0.297)	0.176***; (0.108–0.247)	—	—	0.555*; (0.113–1.032)	0.571***; (0.272–0.964)
CVRF	—	—	−0.143*; (−0.291–−0.001)	—	—	—	—
Grey matter volumes	—	—	—	0.268; (−0.051–0.595)	2.542**; (1.065–4.218)	—	—
White matter volumes	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

CVD risk factors: cardiovascular disease risk factors, IR: immediate recall, SDMT: Symbol-Digit Modalities Test, COWAT-A: Controlled Oral Word Association Test for A-words, STW: Spot the Word, and CI: confidence interval.
; ; —: no effect to report.