Assessment of Mutagenic Effect of G. acerosa and S. wightii in S. typhimurium (TA 98, TA 100, and TA 1538 strains) and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effect in Human Mononuclear Cells: A Non-Clinical Study

Table 2

Mutagenic evaluation of BEGA and DMESW by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium tester strains with rat liver S9 microsomal fraction.

Treatment	Concentration; (µg/plate)	MR^a; (TA 98)	MR^a; (TA 100)	MR^a; (TA 1538)
BEGA	250	0.80±0.13	0.78±0.06	0.024±0.005
	500	0.48±0.13	0.64±0.35	0.030±0.008
	1000	0.64±0.25	0.82±0.04	0.041±0.027
	2000	0.91±0.10	0.55±0.05	0.30±0.008
	4000	1.06±0.13	0.93±0.03	0.44±0.03
DMESW	250	0.04±0.026	0.53±0.28	0.98±0.64
	500	0.33±0.13	1.75±0.43	0.74±0.21
	1000	0.18±0.04	1.68±0.20	1.04±0.08
	2000	0.97±0.069	1.94±0.49	0.80±0.17
	4000	1.16±0.07	0.82±0.44	0.85±0.25
Negative control; (distilled water)	40 µL	0.28±0.10	0.80±0.05	0.036±0.005
Positive control	2-AA—1 µg/plate	5.8±0.93^∗∗	2.11±0.07^∗∗	2.07±0.08^∗∗

^aResults were expressed as mean ± SD (𝑛=3).
MR: mutagenicity ratio; 2-AA: 2-aminoanthracene.
BEGA: benzene extract of G. acerosa.
DMESW: dichloromethane extract of S. wightii.
^∗∗𝑃<0.05.