Research Article
Long-Term Outcomes after Dialysis-Requiring Acute Kidney Injury
Table 2
Characteristics of patients with or without long-term survival.
| | | Survival () | Nonsurvival () | |
| | Male | 1946 (49.5%) | 1034 (52.3%) | 0.044 | | Age (years) | | | <0.001 | | Comorbidity | | Charlson score | | | <0.001 | | Myocardial infarction | 62 (1.6%) | 63 (3.2%) | <0.001 | | Congestive heart failure | 283 (7.2%) | 398 (20.1%) | <0.001 | | Peripheral vascular disease | 70 (1.8%) | 77 (3.9%) | <0.001 | | Cerebrovascular disease | 353 (9.0%) | 400 (20.2%) | <0.001 | | Dementia | 52 (1.3%) | 85 (4.3%) | <0.001 | | COPD | 497 (12.6%) | 457 (23.1%) | <0.001 | | Rheumatologic disease | 55 (1.4%) | 31 (1.6%) | 0.645 | | Hemiplegia | 30 (0.8%) | 60 (3.0%) | <0.001 | | Chronic kidney disease | 1008 (25.6%) | 868 (43.9%) | <0.001 | | Solid tumor | 212 (5.4%) | 180 (9.1%) | <0.001 | | Tumor with metastasis | 38 (0.9%) | 64 (3.2%) | <0.001 | | Diabetics with microvascular disease | 819 (20.8%) | 721 (36.5%) | <0.001 | | Diabetes mellitus | 1972 (50.1%) | 1210 (61.2%) | <0.001 | | Moderate or severe liver disease | 355 (9.02%) | 240 (12.1%) | <0.001 | | Index hospital comorbidity | | Cardiovascular | 73 (1.9%) | 50 (2.5%) | 0.100 | | Respiratory | 200 (5.1%) | 195 (9.9%) | <0.001 | | Hepatic | 35 (0.9%) | 20 (1.01%) | 0.668 | | Neurologic | 34 (0.9%) | 25 (1.3%) | 0.165 | | Hematologic | 25 (0.6%) | 18 (0.9%) | 0.258 | | Metabolic | 63 (1.6%) | 34 (1.7%) | 0.745 | | Initial dialysis modality | | | | | CVVH | 48 (1.2%) | 23 (1.2%) | <0.001 | | IHD | 1537 (39.1%) | 1348 (68.1%) | | Use of diuretics 2.25 DDD at dialysis initiation | 999 (25.4%) | 849 (42.9%) | <0.001 | | Operative categories | | Cardiothoracic | 113 (2.9%) | 35 (1.8%) | 0.010 | | Upper GI | 26 (0.7%) | 19 (0.96%) | 0.209 | | Lower GI | 54 (1.4%) | 35 (1.8%) | 0.258 | | Hepatobiliary | 59 (1.5%) | 20 (1.01%) | 0.149 | | Mechanical ventilation | 633 (16.1%) | 399 (20.2%) | <0.001 | | ICU admission during index hospitalization | 886 (22.5%) | 640 (32.4%) | <0.001 | | Postdischarge medications during survey periods | | ACEI/ARB | 875 (22.2%) | 473 (23.9%) | 0.149 | | Statin | 403 (10.2%) | 141 (7.1%) | <0.001 | | NSAID | 651 (16.6%) | 319 (16.1%) | 0.710 | | Aspirin | 271 (6.9%) | 166 (8.4%) | 0.040 | | Diuretics | 654 (16.6%) | 597 (30.2%) | <0.001 | | Study categories | | Non-AKI | 2349 (59.7%) | 607 (30.7%) | <0.001 | | Dialysis withdrawal subgroup | 361 (9.2%) | 324 (16.4%) | | Nonwithdrawal subgroup | 1224 (31.1%) | 1047 (52.9%) | | ESRD | 985 (25.0%) | 672 (34.0%) | <0.001 |
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ACEI, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DDD, defined daily dose; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; GI, gastrointestinal; ICU, intensive care unit; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents/analgesics.
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