Nutritional Risk Factors for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Table 2

Univariate binary logistic regression analysis for late versus no AMD, adjusted for age and gender.

	OR	95% CI	𝑃 value
Body mass index (BMI) [kg/m^2]
Normal (BMI < 25)	1
Overweight (BMI 25–29.99)	1.02	0.845–1.232	0.83
Obese (BMI ≥ 30)	1.46	1.121–1.899	0.005
Serum lipids and lipoproteins*
Apolipoprotein B	1.00	1.000–1.001	0.11
Apolipoprotein A2	1.00	1.000–1.001	0.31
Lipoprotein a	1.00	1.000–1.000	0.84
Cholesterol	1.05	0.943–1.165	0.38
Triglycerides	1.01	0.895–1.149	0.83
HDLC	1.04	0.722–1.496	0.84
Fish intake
<Once a week	1
Once a week	0.86	0.686–1.063	0.16
2–6x/week	0.79	0.614–1.018	0.07
Daily intake	0.45	0.114–1.804	0.26
Fruit intake
<Once a week	1
Once a week	0.60	0.295–1.197	0.15
2–6x/week	0.57	0.350–0.921	0.02
Daily intake	0.49	0.314–0.753	0.001
Red meat intake
<Once a week	1
Once a week	0.98	0.709–1.344	0.88
2–6x/week	1.77	1.393–2.248	2.94 × 10^−6
Daily intake	2.39	1.679–3.397	1.27 × 10^−6
Vegetable intake
<Once a week	1
Once a week	1.28	0.253–6.462	0.77
2–6x/week	2.17	0.681–6.899	0.19
Daily intake	1.85	0.593–5.797	0.29
Alcohol intake	1.11	0.932–1.327	0.24
Smoking	1.55	1.292–1.864	2.64 × 10^−6

HDLC: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.
*Reference: serum lipid and lipoprotein levels of control subjects.