Aromatherapy: Does It Help to Relieve Pain, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Community-Dwelling Older Persons?

Table 4

Pain scores of the intervention and control groups.

Intervention group (𝑛=44)

Control group (𝑛=38)

Group difference

Baseline

Postintervention

𝑍^a

𝑃 value^a

Baseline

Postintervention

𝑍^a

𝑃 value^a

Baseline

Postintervention

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

𝑈^b

P value^b

𝑈^b

𝑃 value^b

Pain score

4.75 ± 2.32

4.66 ± 2.56

0.22

0.830

5.24 ± 2.14

4.79 ± 2.19

1.16

0.247

721

0.274

789

0.654

aThe Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare the baseline data to the postintervention data of the control and intervention groups.
^bThe Mann-Whitney U Test was used to compare the control and intervention groups.
∗A 𝑃 value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.