| Glioma stem cells | Main features | Surface markers | Signaling pathways | Transcription factors |
| Tumorigenesis | L1CAM [8], EGFR [9], IntegrinA6 [10], CD155 [11], A2B5 [12] | Notch [13], Shh [14, 15] | Olig2 [16], Oct4 [17], Sox2 [17], Nanog [18, 19] | Self-renewal/proliferation | EGFR [9], CD133 [20], IntegrinA6 [10] | Notch [21], Shh [14, 15], Wnt [22], STAT3 [23] | Bmi1 [24–26], Sox2 [27], Nanog [18, 19], Olig2 [28], c-Myc [29] | Differentiation | — | BMP [30] | — | Survival | — | Shh [14, 15], STAT3 [31] | Bmi1 [24–26], c-Myc [29] | Migratory pattern/metastasis | CD44 [32], CD155 [11] | Wnt [22], Shh [14, 15], STAT3 [31] | Bmi1 [24–26] | Tumor invasion | CD44 [33], CD155 [11] | STAT3 [31] | Bmi1 [24–26] | Therapy resistance | L1CAM [34] | Notch [21], Wnt [22] | — |
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