Psychometric Properties of Questionnaires on Functional Health Status in Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Systematic Literature Review

Table 2

COSMIN: definitions of psychometric domains and properties for Health-Related Patient-Reported Outcomes (HR-PRO).

Domain	Psychometric property	Aspect of a psychometric property	Definition^1
Reliability			The degree to which the measurement is free from measurement error
	Internal consistency		The degree of the interrelatedness among the items
	Reliability		The proportion of the total variance in the measurements which is because of “true” differences among patients
	Measurement error		The systematic and random error of a patient’s score that is not attributed to true changes in the construct to be measured
Validity			The degree to which an HR-PRO instrument measures the construct(s) it purports to measure
	Content validity		The degree to which the content of an HR-PRO instrument is an adequate reflection of the construct to be measured
		Face validity	The degree to which (the items of) an HR-PRO instrument indeed looks as though it is an adequate reflection of the construct to be measured
	Construct validity		The degree to which the scores of an HR-PRO instrument are consistent with hypotheses based on the assumption that the HR-PRO instrument validly measures the construct to be measured
		Structural validity	The degree to which the scores of an HR-PRO instrument are an adequate reflection of the dimensionality of the construct to be measured
		Hypotheses testing	Idem construct validity
		Cross-cultural validity	The degree to which the performance of the items on a translated or culturally adapted HR-PRO instrument is an adequate reflection of the performance of the items of the original version of the HR-PRO instrument
	Criterion validity		The degree to which the scores of an HR-PRO instrument are an adequate reflection of a “gold standard”
Responsiveness	Responsiveness		The ability of an HR-PRO instrument to detect change over time in the construct to be measured
Interpretability^2			The degree to which one can assign qualitative meaning to an instrument’s quantitative scores or change in scores.

1Definitions derived from Mokkink et al. [11].
²Interpretability is not considered a psychometric property [11].