Punicalagin and Ellagic Acid Demonstrate Antimutagenic Activity and Inhibition of Benzo[a]pyrene Induced DNA Adducts

Table 2

Effect of punicalagin on the benzo[a]pyrene induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium.

Treatment	Dose (μM)	Number of His^+ revertants colonies/plate (mean ± SE)
		TA 97a	TA 98	TA 100	TA 102
Spontaneous		144.0±8.7	39.7±3.8	140.3±10.8	325.7±16.6
Positive control (BP)	1.5 μg	736.7±30.1	165.7±10.2	704.3±27.0	694.0±20.8
Punicalagin	50	132.3±8.8	40.7±2.9	136.0±11.7	320.0±21.9
	100	158.0±7.4	36.3±1.8	162.7±15.0	341.0±18.3
	250	165.7±10.9	31.0±1.7	175.3±14.3	356.0±10.4
	500	188.0±9.5	22.3±1.8	191.0±15.0	358.0±19.9
Punicalagin + BP	50	645.3±28.7 (15.1)	138.0±8.7 (22.1)	530.3±26.4^∗∗ (30.6)	635.0±23.0 (15.8)
	100	538.3±28.9^∗∗ (34.3)	105.3±9.0^∗ (46.6)	442.7±31.4^∗∗ (48.3)	595.0±28.8^∗ (28.0)
	250	431.0±18.4^∗∗∗ (53.5)	65.0±6.8^∗∗ (74.8)	366.0±20.2^∗∗∗ (64.0)	496.0±17.4^∗∗ (58.6)
	500	316.0±17.6^∗∗∗ (76.7)	52.7±4.3^∗∗ (78.8)	270.7±15.6^∗∗∗ (84.5)	438.0±19.5^∗∗∗ (76.2)
𝑅^2		0.99	0.94	0.99	0.99

aNegative control; ^bpreincubation test; values in parenthesis are % inhibition of mutagenicity.
^∗𝑃<0.05; ^∗∗𝑃<0.005 and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001; BP: benzo[a]pyrene; 𝑅²: linear regression analysis.