Punicalagin and Ellagic Acid Demonstrate Antimutagenic Activity and Inhibition of Benzo[a]pyrene Induced DNA Adducts

Table 3

Effect of punicalagins on the sodium azide induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium.

Treatment	Dose (μM)	Number of His^+ revertants colonies/plate (mean ± SE)
		TA 97a	TA 98	TA 100	TA 102
Spontaneous		142.0±5.3	33.7±2.0	128.3±4.9	240.7±7.0
Positive control (NaN3)	1.5 μg	256.0±11.7	52.3±1.8	361.3±11.0	370.0±9.0
Punicalagin	50	141.3±5.2	42.3±1.8	189.7±12.0	306.7±13.3
	100	153.7±9.2	35.7±1.8	181.0±7.4	275.3±22.1
	250	158.3±7.1	30.0±1.2	165.3±5.4	250.0±22.9
	500	174.0±6.4	27.3±2.0	187.7±9.8	231.7±24.8
Punicalagin + NaN3	50	244.3±6.7 (10.2)	51.0±1.7 (13.3)	342.0±4.7 (11.3)	346.3±23.5 (18.0)
	100	221.0±7.1 (34.2)	47.3±1.8 (30.0)	301.7±7.8^∗ (33.1)	341.0±19.1 (17.6)
	250	202.3±8.7^∗ (54.9)	40.7±2.6^∗ (52.2)	254.3±10.8^∗∗ (54.6)	310.7±16.0^∗ (42.2)
	500	195.0±10.8^∗ (74.4)	36.0±1.7^∗∗ (65.3)	232.3±9.4^∗∗∗ (74.3)	381.3±17.6^∗∗ (59.8)
𝑅^2		0.99	0.99	0.99	0.91

aNegative control; ^bpreincubation test; values in parenthesis are % inhibition of mutagenicity.
^∗𝑃<0.05; ^∗∗𝑃<0.005 and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001; NaN₃: sodium azide; 𝑅²: linear regression analysis.