|
| Model | Cell | Route | Time | Behavioral measures | Outcome | Mechanism |
|
rMCAO
[115] | hUCMSC | IC | One week | Elevated body swing test,
locomotor activity | IFR
↑neuronal activity | Neural differentiation into neuron, glia, EC
↑Neurotrophic factors (SDF-1, GDNF, BDNF)
↑Angiogenesis |
|
rMCAO
[116] | BMSC | ICA | 24 h | Rotarod test
adhesive-removal test
mNSS | IFR | Production of trophic factors |
|
mMCAO
[110] | BDNF-modified hBMSC | IC | 24 h | Limb placement test,
treadmill test | IFR | ↓Apoptosis;
Differentiation (NeuN, GFAP) |
|
mMCAO
[117] | mBMSC | IV | 1 d | NA | NA | ↑tPA
↓PAI-1 |
|
mMCAO
[118] | mBMSC | IV | 1 d | mNSS
Foot-fault tests | IFR; ↓lesion volume | ↑tPA level |
|
rMCAO
[119] | Ad MSC | IV | 0, 12 and 24 h | Corner test | ↓infarct area
IFR (sensorimotor) | ↑Angiogenesis, neurogenesis, homing
↓Apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidation |
|
rMCAO
[120] | hBMSC | IV | 1 d | mNSS | IFR | ↑Growth factors; ↓apoptosis
proliferated endogenous cells |
|
rMCAO
[121] | hBMSC | IV | 12 h | Morris water maze,
treadmill test | IFR
↓lesion volume | Neuroprotective effect |
|
rMCAO
[122] | Ang-1 modified hBMSC | IV | 6 h | Treadmill stress test | IFR
↓gross lesion volume | ↑Angiogenesis |
|
rMCAO
[123] | pMSC | IV | 6 h | Treadmill stress test | IFR
↓lesion volume | ↑Induced angiogenesis |
|
rMCAO
[124] | hBMSC | IV | 6 h or 6, 24, 48 h | Treadmill stress test | IFR
↓lesion volume | ↑Capillary vessels |
|
rMCAO
[125] | Human BMSC | IC | 3 d | mNSS adhesive-removal somatosensory test | IFR, ↓infarct volume and↑glucose metabolism | ↑Angiogenesis
↑Endogenous neurogenesis ↓Apoptosis |
|
rMCAO
[126] | MSC | IA | 1 d | Adhesive-removal, mNSS | IFR | Differentiation into astrocytes and neurons |
|
rMCAO
[127] | hUC-MSC | IC | 14 d | Neurobehavioral assessment
neurologic deficit score | IFR
↓infarct volume | Neuroprotective effects
↑Endoneurogenesis |
|
ape ischemia model
[128] | hBMSC | IC | 7 d | mNSS | IFR
↓ischemia area | ↑IL-10, neurogenesis
↓Astroglial reactivity and apoptosis |
|
rMCAO
[129] | rBMSC or hBMSC | IV | 1 d or 7 d | mNSS | IFR | ↑Activated CD11+ microglia, reactive GFAP+ astrocytes, and blood vessel formation
modified blood levels of specific cytokines/chemokines and growth factors/receptors |
|
rMCAO
[130] | rBMSC | ICA | 2 h | NA | ↓lesion size | Activated microglia |
|
rMCAO
[131] | rBMSC | IV | on the day of MCAO and three days later | Morris water maze | IFR
Reduction of the infarct volumes | ↑Angiogenesis and subventricular zone cells proliferation |
|
mTCCO
[132] | hBMSC | ICA | 1 d | Open-field behavior test | IFR | ↓Neuronal death and
modulation of inflammatory and immune responses |
|
rMCAO
[133] | Gene-transferred MSCs | IC | 2 h or 24 h | mNSS | IFR
↓infarction areas | Neuroprotective effect |
|
rMCAO
[134] | hBMSC | IV | 1 d | mNSS | IFR | ↑IGF-1, IGF-1R |
|
rMCAO
[135] | BMSC | IV | 24 h | mNSS
foot-fault tests | IFR
no difference in ischemic volume | ↑trophic factor |
|
rMCAO
[136] | hypoxic preconditioned or normal BMSC | IV | 24 h | Rotarod test | IFR | ↓Microglia activity
↑Differentiation into neuronal and vascular endothelial cells |
|
rMCAO
[137] | B10 line of hMSC | IV | 24 h | mNSS score | IFR
↓infarct volume | Providing IGF-1
inducing VEGF, EGF, and bFGF in host brain |
|
rMCAO
[138] | Valproate/
lithium-primed MSC | IV | 24 h | Rotarod test, mNSS
body asymmetry test | IFR
↓infarct volume
↑angiogenesis | ↑CXCR 4, MMP-9 |
|
rMCAO
[139] | pMSC | IV | 8 h
8 h and 24 h | Beam walk test
mNSS | IFR
↓lesion volume | Immunomodulation
soluble factor secretion
↑Astroglial reactivity |
|
rMCAO
[140] | BM-MSC Ad-MSC | IV | 30 min | Rogers and rotarod tests | IFR
no reduction in infarct volume | ↑VEGF, SYP, Olig2, NF; decreased GFAP |
|
