Cystitis: From Urothelial Cell Biology to Clinical Applications

Table 1

Classification and clinical features of cystitis.

Category	Clinical features
Cystitis	Dysuria, urgency, frequency, lower abdominal pain, and haematuria
Uncomplicated cystitis	Cystitis in women with a structurally and functionally normal bladder
Isolated or sporadic	No cystitis symptoms in 4 weeks before this episode
Reinfection	At least 3 episodes of uncomplicated infection in past 12 months or at least 2 episodes of uncomplicated infection in past 6 months
Complicated cystitis	Cystitis in men or compromised host; cystitis with a structurally and functionally abnormal bladder