Plasma Levels of Osteopontin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Association with Clinical Features and Parameters of Tumor Burden in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Table 1

Clinical features of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and healthy volunteers who form the control group.

Clinical features	Patients with MM; (𝑁=44)	Healthy control group; (𝑁=24)
Age and sex distribution	Cases	Cases
Male	21	12
Female	23	12
Age (years)	Median 69	Median 67
	Range 44–86	Range 35–83
Durie-Salmon stage	Cases
I	7
II	8
III	29
Renal dysfunction	Cases
Yes	11
No	32
Anemia	Cases
Yes	31
No	13
Beta-2 microglobulin	Cases
Normal	9
Increased	33
Bone disease	Cases
Yes	32
No	10

Note: renal dysfunction = serum creatinine level above the upper limit of normal; anemia = haemoglobin value 20 g/L below the lower limit of normal; beta-2 microglobulin = normal values less than 2.5 𝜇g/mL versus increased plasma values; and bone disease = presence of any lytic lesion or severe osteopenia with compressive fractures on standard radiographs of the bones.