Review Article
Cryoablation of Early-Stage Primary Lung Cancer
Table 2
Complications after cryoablation of lung tumors.
| | Study group and year | The diameter of
probe or sheath | Pneumothorax (%) | Pneumothorax requiring chest tube insertion (%) | Hemoptysis (%) | Pleural effusion (%) | Fever (%) | Death (%) | Other complications |
| | Wang et al. [17], 2005 | A 11-F sheath was used | 12.0 | 1.4 | 62.0 | 14.0 | 42 (<38.5°C) | 1.0 | Cough, skin injury, arm paresis, temporary aphasia, death, and subcutaneous emphysema |
| | Zemlyak et al. [35], 2010 | NA | 37.0 | NA | 22.0 | NA | NA | 0 | NA |
| | Inoue et al. [30], 2012 | An 8- or 11-G stainless-steel coaxial system was used | 61.7 | 11.9 | 36.8 | 70.5 | 3.1 (<39.0°C) | 0 | Phrenic nerve palsy, frostbite, empyema, and tumor implantation |
| | Zhang et al. [14], 2012 | 17 G cryotherapy needles (diameter = 1.47 mm) | 19.6 | 4.4 | 39.1 | NA | NA | 0 | NA |
| | Pusceddu et al. [19], 2013 | 17 G cryotherapy needles (diameter = 1.47 mm) | 21.0 | 0 | 0 | NA | 0 | 0 | NA |
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NA = not available.
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