Therapeutic Potential of Tacrolimus on Acute Myocardial Infarction in Minipigs: Analysis with Serial Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Changes at Histological and Protein Levels

Table 3

Comparisons of degree of fibrosis, vascular densities, and inflammatory cells in explanted heart of minipigs without and with tacrolimus therapy.

	Normal; Mean ± SD	Infarct		Peri-infarct		𝑃 value*
		Control; Mean ± SD	Tac-treated; Mean ± SD	Control; Mean ± SD	Tac-treated; Mean ± SD
Mean fibrotic areas (×10^4 𝜇m^2/HPF)	1.2 ± 0.1	384.1 ± 8.9	276.3 ± 23.6	31.5 ± 9.5	13.1 ± 0.5	𝑃<0.001
		𝑃1 = 0.013		𝑃2 = 0.002
Number of small vessels/HPF	8.1 ± 0.4	2.5 ± 0.4	4.2 ± 0.4	4.8 ± 0.1	6.6 ± 0.5	𝑃<0.05
		𝑃1 = 0.031		𝑃2 = 0.023
% of CD68+ cells	0.3 ± 0.0	8.0 ± 0.2	6.3 ± 0.2	3.7 ± 0.4	2.2 ± 0.5	𝑃<0.001
		𝑃1 = 0.019		𝑃2 = 0.027
% of CD40+ cells	5.8 ± 1.2	68.8 ± 3.8	51.2 ± 2.9	47.1 ± 2.0	36.7 ± 2.4	𝑃<0.001
		𝑃1 = 0.021		𝑃2 = 0.031

HFP: high power field; 𝑃 value^∗: normal remote myocardium versus other groups; 𝑃₁, 𝑃₂: comparisons in infarct and peri-infarct areas, respectively.
(Statistical analyses using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison procedure with significance at 0.05 level).