Right Heart Functional Changes in the Acute, Hypercapnic Exacerbations of COPD

Table 2

Patients main clinical and instrumental parameters (data expressed as mean ± standard deviation).

Variables	Moderate COPD (𝑛=21)	Severe COPD (𝑛=35)	𝑃 value
FEV1 %	66 ± 4.3	44.1 ± 5.2	0.062^a
pH	7.38 ± 0.02	7.32 ± 0.03	0.2^a
PaO2 mmHg	64.2 ± 4.6	56.5 ± 2.96	0.05^a
PaCO2 mmHg	55.2 ± 3.5	72.6 ± 5.3	0.05^a
HCO^3− mmol/L	30.2 ± 3.2	37.9 ± 5.3	0.256^a
SO2 %	92.5 ± 2.2	89.2 ± 2.7	0.33^a
EF %	51.2 ± 2.7	36.3 ± 6.3	0.652^a
TDLVD mm	46.7 ± 4	52.3 ± 3	0.07^a
PP mm	9 ± 1	8.2 ± 3	0.72^a
SIV mm	10.4 ± 2	9.6 ± 3	0.725^a
Left atrial area (cm^2)	21.7 ± 4	27.3 ± 5	0.062^a
RVSP mmHg	38.2 ± 2.9	42.4 ± 4.7	0.06^a
PASP mmHg	30.2 ± 2.3	45.3 ± 3.5	0.05^a
TAPSE mm/s	14 ± 6	11.2 ± 2.4	0.05^a
Right atrial area (cm^2)	21.5 ± 5.2	33.3 ± 6.5	0.05^a
PVR wood units	1.6 ± 0.4	4.9 ± 1.6	0.07^a
SGRQ	36 ± 14	41 ± 16	0.06^a

aStudent 𝑡-test for unpaired data;
FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in one second; PaO₂: partial pressure of oxygen; PaCO₂: carbon dioxide partial pressure; HCO³⁻: bicarbonate ion; SO₂: oxygen saturation; EF: ejection fraction; TDLVD: telediastolic left ventricular diameter; PP: left ventricular posterior wall thickness; SIV: interventricular septum thickness; RVSP: right ventricular systolic pressure; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SGRQ: the Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.