Gene Delivery Potential of Biofunctional Carbonate Apatite Nanoparticles in Lungs

Table 1

Surface charges of various formulations of CO₃Ap/pDNA complexes determined by Malvern charge analyzer. The charge densities became more negative with the increasing amount of CaCl₂ in CO₃Ap/pDNA complex formulations.

Sample	CO3Ap/pDNA complexes prepared with different volumes of CaCl2	Charge (mV)
1	4 𝜇L	0.25
2	5 𝜇L	−0.64
3	6 𝜇L	−12.06
4	9 𝜇L	−17.0