Biologic Propensities and Phytochemical Profile of Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmelin (Rubiaceae): An Underutilized Native Medicinal Food Plant from Africa

Table 5

Minimum inhibitory concentrations (mg/mL) of the plant extracts.

Test microorganisms	Gram stain +/−	Standard antibiotic^b (mg/mL)	Plant extracts^c [MIC^a (mg/mL)]
			Decoction				Methanol
			S1	S2	S3	S4	S1	S2	S3	S4
Staphylococcus aureus	G+	0.078	—	—	12.50	—	6.25	—	—	25.00
Escherichia coli	G−	0.078	—	25.00	—	—	12.50	—	—	—

aMIC: minimum inhibitory concentration; average of 3 independent experiments; ^bStreptomycin sulphate and gentamicin sulphate tested at a concentration of 20 mg/mL; ^cS1: leaf, S2: unripe fruit S3: ripe fruit, S4: seed; G+, Gram positive; G−, Gram negative.