|
| Location | Name | Selection method | Markers | Comments | Reference |
|
| Adventitia | Vascular progenitor cells | Sca1 positive cells from cells outgrown from mouse thoracic aorta adventitia | Sca1+ | Differentiate into SMCs, contributing to the formation of hyperplasia of ApoE-deficient atherosclerotic lesions |
Hu et al., 2004 [19]
|
| Vascular progenitor cells | CD34+ CD31− cells from human adult saphenous vein | CD34+ |
MSC- and NSC-like differentiation potential, but no endodermic differentiation was detected at the clonal level |
Campagnolo et al., 2010 [20] |
| (Saphenous vein-derived progenitor cells; SVPs) | After culture in the presence of serum, CD34 were subsided, and the following markers were increased: |
| |
(CD34+ cKit+ cells were located at perivascular sites of the vasa vasorum) | CD29+, CD44+, CD105+, SOX2+, Nestin+, NG2+ (CD146−) | Act as PCs, formed capillary structures (attached to EC-tubes), and improve ischemic hind limb through forming capillaries
|
| Adventitial stem cells | CD34+ CD146− cells from human stromal adipose tissue around vascular adventitia | CD34+ | CD34+ CD146− cells display MSC-like features at the clonal level |
Corselli et al., 2012 [21] |
| CD31−, CD146−, and CD45− |
| | These cells acquired a PCs-like phenotype (NG2+, CD146+, etc.) in the presence of angiopoietin 2 |
| Adventitial pericyte progenitor cells | NG2+ CD146+cells from vascular adventitia | NG2+, CD146+, PDGFR+ | MSC-like PCs contribute to restenosis following arterial injury |
Tigges et al., 2013 [22] |
| Some of these cells also express CD29+, CD90+ |
| | NG2/CD146+ cells were increased in the adventitia of the injured vasculature |
|
| Vasculogenic zone |
Vascular wall resident EPCs | CD34+ CD105− cells from human internal thoracic artery | CD34+, KDR (VEGFR2)+, Tie2+ |
Differentiate into mature ECs forming new vessels and hematopoietic cells including macrophages |
Zengin et al., 2006 [23] |
| CD105−, CD144− |
| (CD34+ cells located at the “vasculogenic zone") | |
| Angiogenic MSCs | Adherent culture condition (cells were isolated from human thoracic artery, and select the adherent cells forming colony ) | MSC markers (CD44+, CD90+, CD105+, etc.) | Differentiate into ECs in the presence of VEGF, and form capillary-like structure |
Pasquinelli et al., 2007 [24] |
| CD45−, CD146−, vWF− | (These cells were heterogenous) |
| (CD34+ cKit+ cells were enriched in the vasculogenic zone) | | It is uncertain whether the isolated cells are equivalent of CD34− stained cells within thoracic aorta |
|
| Media | Side population-progenitor cells | Side population of cells from the tunica media of mouse aorta | Sca1+, cKit(dim), | Differentiate into ECs and SMCs to form vascular-like branching structures on Matrigel |
Sainz et al., 2006 [25] |
| CD34−, lineage negative | (These cells were heterogenous) |
| Multipotent vascular stem cells (MVSCs) | SM-MHC (smooth muscle myosin heavy chain)—negative cells from media of carotid artery of rats. | SM-MHC(−), Sox1+, Nestin+ | MSC- and NSC-like multipotency at the clonal level |
Tang et al., 2012 [26] |
| CD146−, CD34−, CD31− |
| | Differentiate into SMCs and chondrogenic cells, contributing to vascular remodeling and neointimal hyperplasia |
|
