Research Article

Efficacy of a Hypotonic Treatment for Peritoneal Dissemination from Gastric Cancer Cells: An In Vivo Evaluation

Figure 2

Inhibition of the establishment of peritoneal dissemination after the preincubation of gastric cancer cells with DW. (a) A total of pelleted MKN45 cells were suspended in 5 mL NaCl buffer or DW, and each cell was incubated for 20 min. Thereafter, the suspension was centrifuged, and pelleted cells were suspended in 0.3 mL PBS and then intraperitoneally injected into 4-week-old female nude mice. At a defined time point of 2 weeks after the intraperitoneal injection of cells, all mice were sacrificed, and the degree of peritoneal dissemination was evaluated macroscopically. . (b) Representative macroscopic findings of the abdominal cavity. Many dissemination nodules were established in NaCl preincubated mice, whereas very few tumors were observed in DW preincubated mice. Arrows indicate dissemination nodules. (c) The total number, weight, and volume of dissemination nodules were significantly decreased by the preincubation with DW. The results are presented as the mean ± SEM    . (d) Box plots of dissemination nodules in both groups. The weight and volume of each dissemination nodule were markedly lower in the DW group than in the NaCl group. . DW: distilled water.
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