Research Article

High Glucose Induces Sumoylation of Smad4 via SUMO2/3 in Mesangial Cells

Figure 3

Smad4 protein expression in mesangial cells induced by high glucose. Mesangial cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of glucose or mannitol for 24 h, and Western blot was performed to detect Smad4 protein levels with 5.6 mmol/L glucose as a normal control and 30 mmol/L mannitol as an osmotic control. compared to normal control; compared to mannitol control.
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