Measurement of Bed Turning and Comparison with Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index in a Healthy Population: Application of a Novel Mobility Detection System

Table 3

Gender differences in turning ability.

	Men		Women
	𝑛^a	Mean ± SD	𝑛	Mean ± SD	𝑃 value^†
Turn time (sec)	340	5.60±0.79	240	5.91±1.29	0.226
TL (cm)	340	24.12±8.09	240	24.81±9.22	0.827
Turn speed (cm/sec)	340	4.33±1.41	240	4.36±1.93	0.965
Turn peak time (ds)	340	7.89±6.83	240	8.77±7.96	0.482
Turn force (kg·m/s²)	340	70.80±11.89	240	56.34±9.18	0.002*
Back time (sec)	340	5.23±1.98	240	5.22±0.99	0.947
BL (cm)	340	24.35±8.14	240	25.07±9.24	0.823
Back speed (cm/sec)	340	4.81±1.69	240	4.95±2.02	0.834
Back peak time (ds)	340	11.59±13.09	240	10.21±5.83	0.331
Back force (kg·m/s²)	340	71.42±12.74	240	56.99±8.98	0.002*
Turn-weight ratio	340	1.015±0.108	240	1.035±0.139	0.642
Back-weight ratio	340	1.023±0.121	240	1.047±0.127	0.595

aNumbers of measurements; ^† determined by repeated measures ANOVA (within-subject effect).
*: 𝑃<0.05 indicated statistical significance.