Prooxidant Effects of Verbascoside, a Bioactive Compound from Olive Oil Mill Wastewater, on In Vitro Developmental Potential of Ovine Prepubertal Oocytes and Bioenergetic/Oxidative Stress Parameters of Fresh and Vitrified Oocytes
Figure 2
Mitochondrial distribution pattern and activity, intracellular ROS localization and levels, and mt/ROS colocalization of a representative prepubertal lamb control MII oocyte (panel (a)) and a MII oocyte representative of those cultured in presence of 4.11 μM VB (panel (b)). Both oocytes show heterogeneous mt pattern. For each culture condition, corresponding bright-field (A1, B1), UV light (A2, B2), and confocal laser scanning images of mt distribution pattern (A3, B3), intracellular ROS localization (A4, B4), mt/ROS merge (A5, B5), and colocalization scatterplot graph (A6, B6) are shown. Increased mt activity, expressed as MitoTracker Orange CMTM Ros fluorescence intensity, and intracellular ROS levels, expressed as DCF fluorescent intensity (B4), can be seen in the oocyte exposed to 4.11 μM VB compared with the control oocyte (B3 versus A3 and B4 versus A4, resp.). Scale bars represent 50 μM.
