Punctuated Evolution of Influenza Virus Neuraminidase (A/H1N1) under Opposing Migration and Vaccination Pressures

Figure 3

A sketch showing the NA17 evolution of both MZ and KD roughnesses ℛ(17) through the first vaccination and migration punctuations. The horizontal dashed line draws attention to the reversion after the 6-week Fort Dix outbreak of world-wide strains to the superstrain A plateau prevalent before the success of the Army vaccination program, which had led to the vaccination valley. The 1954 value refers to an isolated Russian strain (see text). Otherwise, example species were sometimes selected by the steepest descent methods discussed in text. The correlation of the MZ and KD values is 0.78 in this period.