Heart Health Risk Assessment System: A Nonintrusive Proposal Using Ontologies and Expert Rules

Algorithm 1

Several examples of general expert rules divided into levels according to the knowledge contained in them.

Level I

Considering only the HR values:

𝑅₁:

 Person(?𝑝) ∧

 exceeds(?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛t,?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥) ∧

 hasContext(?𝑝,?𝑐)

 ⇒  set(?𝑐.𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑚_𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙=“𝐻𝑖𝑔ℎ”)

Level II

Considering HR values and type of person:

𝑅₇:

 Person(?𝑝) ∧

 exceeds(?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡,?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥) ∧

 hasContext(?𝑝,?𝑐) ∧

 Sportsperson(?𝑝)

 ⇒  set(?𝑐.𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑚_𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙=“𝐿𝑜𝑤”)

Considering HR values and type of activity:

𝑅₁₁:

 Person(?𝑝) ∧ Activity(?𝑎) ∧

 performsActivity(?𝑝,?𝑎) ∧

 exceeds(?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡,?𝑎.𝑚𝑎𝑥_𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡_ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥∗?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥) ∧

 hasContext(?𝑝,?𝑐) ∧

 VeryLightActivity(?𝑎)

 ⇒  set(?𝑐.𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑚_𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙=“𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑚”)

Considering HR values, type of person and type of activity:

𝑅₁₂:

 Person(?𝑝) ∧ Activity(?𝑎) ∧

 performsActivity(?𝑝,?𝑎) ∧

 exceeds(?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡,?𝑎.𝑚𝑎𝑥_𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡_ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥∗?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥) ∧

 hasContext(?𝑝,?𝑐) ∧

 Elderly(?𝑝) ∧

 VigorousActivity(?𝑎)

 ⇒  set(?𝑐.𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑚_𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙=“𝐻𝑖𝑔ℎ”)

Level III

Considering also the medical context:

𝑅₁₈:

 Person(?𝑝) ∧ Activity(?𝑎) ∧

 performsActivity(?𝑝,?𝑎) ∧

 exceeds(?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡,?𝑎.𝑚𝑎𝑥_𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡_ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥∗?𝑝.ℎ𝑟_𝑚𝑎𝑥) ∧

 hasContext(?𝑝,?𝑐) ∧

 Cardiomyopathy(?𝑐)

 ⇒  set(?𝑐.𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑚_𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙=“𝐻𝑖𝑔ℎ”)