Effects of Exercise on Spinal Deformities and Quality of Life in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Table 5

Meta-analyses of effect of exercise program.

Outcomes	Number of studies	Ratio of studies (PEDro <6)	Number of subjects	SMD [95% CI]		Quality of evidence (GRADE)
Cobb angle	4	25%	282	0.65 [−0.89, −0.40]	30.53%	Moderate^†
Angle of trunk rotation	2	0%	140	0.73 [−1.07, −0.39]	1.49%	Moderate^‡
Thoracic kyphosis angle	3	33%	144	0.55 [−0.89, −.22]	0%	Moderate^‡
Lumbar lordosis angle	2	0%	108	0.57 [−0.96, −0.19]	0%	Moderate^‡
Average lateral deviation	2	50%	112	0.54 [−0.92, −0.16]	46%	Low
Quality of life	3	0%	138	0.73 [−1.07, −0.38]	0%	Moderate^‡

GRADE, GRADE working group grades of evidence.
 ^†Statistical heterogeneity results downgrade ( > 25%). ^‡Large confidence interval results downgrade. Large confidence interval, statistical heterogeneity results downgrade.