Heavy Metal Adsorption onto Kappaphycus sp. from Aqueous Solutions: The Use of Error Functions for Validation of Isotherm and Kinetics Models

Table 7

Error function data of the isotherm models.

Metal ion	Isotherm model	Error function
		SSE	ARE	HYBRID	EABS	MPSD			(%)	RMSE
Pb^2+	Langmuir	4.4347	6.7140	9.3996	4.2033	34.7188	0.9774	0.7927	12.6314	0.94177
	Freundlich	4.9053	4.3967	6.1554	4.3317	23.7746	0.9739	0.2681	5.5740	0.99049
	Temkin	1.4457	3.9218	5.4905	2.7612	17.4775	0.9911	0.1572	5.6824	0.53772
	Dubinin-Radushkevich	58.3244	17.0502	23.8703	16.5533	92.0214	0.5995	3.8955	23.8712	3.41539
Cu^2+	Langmuir	5.7968	8.5817	12.0143	5.3808	39.3515	0.9629	1.0282	14.1340	1.07674
	Freundlich	2.2807	4.0093	5.6130	3.2226	18.7862	0.9826	0.1747	5.2390	0.67538
	Temkin	0.5693	2.1797	3.0515	1.7002	10.1114	0.9951	0.05078	3.0016	0.33742
	Dubinin-Radushkevich	37.5579	14.6298	20.4817	13.3928	75.4605	0.6420	2.7153	19.7375	2.74073
Fe^2+	Langmuir	2.3495	5.4061	7.5685	3.6433	22.5599	0.9760	0.2778	7.1832	0.68549
	Freundlich	5.1830	7.6257	10.6759	5.2617	32.1906	0.9476	0.5282	10.0870	1.01814
	Temkin	0.9198	3.0795	4.31124	1.6626	15.7644	0.9885	0.1240	5.5745	0.42890
	Dubinin-Radushkevich	14.9728	10.1415	14.1981	8.5372	48.9560	0.7916	1.1939	12.9975	1.73048
Zn^2+	Langmuir	6.4809	9.6783	13.5496	6.0631	38.6885	0.9325	0.8625	12.6706	1.13850
	Freundlich	3.0423	5.2872	7.4021	3.0394	27.2346	0.9602	0.4149	9.0515	0.78004
	Temkin	2.2050	4.9041	6.8658	3.2227	21.6034	0.9674	0.2471	6.6271	0.66408
	Dubinin-Radushkevich	16.4718	10.9989	15.3985	8.8422	51.8019	0.7325	1.3963	13.8314	1.81504