Heavy Metal Adsorption onto Kappaphycus sp. from Aqueous Solutions: The Use of Error Functions for Validation of Isotherm and Kinetics Models

Table 8

Error function data of the kinetic models.

Metal ion	Kinetic model	Error function
		SSE	ARE	HYBRID	EABS	MPSD			(%)	RMSE
Pb^2+	Pseudo-first-order	25.7891	92.8427	129.9800	13.4342	157.948	0.49997	178.767	100.288	2.27108
	Pseudo-second-order	0.003366	0.56776	0.79486	0.08086	1.82415	0.80927	0.00171	1.17070	0.02595
	Elovich	9.30E − 05	0.16020	0.22428	0.02312	0.30064	0.98456	4.52E − 05	0.19128	0.00431
	Intraparticle diffusion	2.39E − 06	0.03899	0.11698	0.00245	0.10672	0.98437	1.14E − 06	0.05210	0.00155
Cu^2+	Pseudo-first-order	25.3581	94.2342	131.928	13.3208	158.455	0.49992	220.398	101.787	2.25202
	Pseudo-second-order	0.00015	0.16029	0.22440	0.02232	0.38712	0.97869	7.51E − 05	0.25151	0.00544
	Elovich	0.00040	0.33223	0.46512	0.04693	0.62860	0.93190	0.00020	0.40416	0.00893
	Intraparticle diffusion	3.29E − 06	0.05087	0.15262	0.00310	0.12720	0.98718	1.62E − 06	0.06311	0.00181
Fe^2+	Pseudo-first-order	3.49809	56.1628	78.6279	4.90190	74.5604	0.49752	6.56855	60.8816	0.83643
	Pseudo-second-order	0.00400	1.35554	1.89776	0.10685	2.72686	0.95949	0.00390	2.40267	0.02828
	Elovich	0.00181	1.13760	1.59264	0.09939	1.68403	0.97531	0.00141	1.36581	0.01902
	Intraparticle diffusion	0.00031	0.66725	1.33449	0.03436	1.08937	0.96472	0.00024	0.78427	0.01236
Zn^2+	Pseudo-first-order	0.92442	73.8117	103.336	2.53393	61.3141	0.49932	7.65727	79.9178	0.42998
	Pseudo-second-order	0.00279	2.59220	3.62908	0.08525	3.48380	0.77805	0.00673	4.68899	0.02363
	Elovich	0.00064	1.63635	2.29089	0.05555	1.62276	0.88172	0.00133	2.12691	0.01133
	Intraparticle diffusion	3.87E − 06	0.18119	0.36239	0.00362	0.19597	0.99645	7.68E − 06	0.22567	0.00139