Nuclear Medicine in Diagnosis of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: An Update

Table 1

Modified Duke criteria for the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) [6].

Definite PVE
Clinical criteria
(1) 2 major criteria
Or
(2) 1 major criterion and 3 minor criteria
Or
(3) 5 minor criteria
Pathological criteria
(1) Microorganisms demonstrated by culture or histological examination of a vegetation, a vegetation that has embolized
Or
(2) An intracardiac abscess specimen or pathological lesions; vegetation or intracardiac abscess confirmed by histological examination showing active endocarditis
Possible PVE
(1) 1 major criterion and 1 minor criterion
Or
(2) 3 minor criteria
Rejected PVE
(1) Firm alternate diagnosis explaining evidence of infective endocarditis
Or
(2) Resolution of infective endocarditis syndrome with antibiotic therapy for ≤4 days
Or
(3) No pathological evidence of infective endocarditis at surgery or autopsy, with antibiotic therapy for ≤4 days; Or
(4) Does not meet criteria for possible infective endocarditis, as above