Medial Calcar Support and Radiographic Outcomes of Plate Fixation for Proximal Humeral Fractures

Table 4

Prognostic factors of osteonecrosis in patients with proximal humerus fracture.

Variables	Univariate		Multivariate^†
	OR^a (95% CI^b)	value	OR (95% CI^b)	value
Age	1.02	0.359
Female gender	1.02	0.977
Shoulder dislocation	2.26	0.296	—	—
Timely operation^c	0.44	0.111	—	—
Locked plating	0.92	0.871	—	—
Varus collaps	3.46	0.018	6.75	0.010
Disrupted calca	5.19	0.014	5.16	0.038
Diabetes mellitu	4.97	0.003	6.45	0.010
Chronic kidney diseas	5.27	0.002	5.31	0.019
Chronic liver diseas	4.44	0.010	5.56	0.027

Multivariate: including all variables with univariate value < 0.05.
^aOR: odds ratio; ^bCI: confidence interval; ^ctimely operation: operation performed <8 hours after fracture; ^dvarus collapse: >20° varus on immediate postoperative follow-up radiographs.
Statistical significance ( < 0.05).