Effectiveness of the First Dose of BCG against Tuberculosis among HIV-Infected, Predominantly Immunodeficient Children

Table 1

Comparison of the main characteristics of cases (TB/HIV-infected children) and controls (HIV-infected children). Hospital Pediátrico David Bernardino (HPDB, Angola): January 2005–December 2006.

Variable	Cases	%	Controls	%	Odds ratio	95% CI	value
Age group (months)
≤36	35	15.2	248	36.9	1.00
37–60	95	41.3	272	40.4	2.48	1.62–3.78	<0.001
≥61	100	43.5	152	22.6	4.66	3.02–7.20	<0.001
Total	230	100.0	672	100.0
Sex
Female	109	47.4	353	52.5	1.00
Male	121	52.6	319	47.5	1.22	0.90–1.67	0.18
Total	230	100.0	672	100.0
Orphaned
No	133	59.1	543	83.1	1.00
Yes	92	40.9	110	16.9	3.42	2.44–4.78	<0.001
Total	225	100.0	653	100.0
Sibling died of AIDS
No	163	91.6	409	97.8	1.00
Yes	16	8.4	9	2.2	4.18	1.79–9.75	0.001
Total	178	100.0	418	100.0
Admission point
Outpatient clinic	74	32.2	450	67.0	1.00
Hospital	156	67.8	222	33.0	4.27	3.07–5.96	<0.001
Total	230	100.0	672	100.0
Antiretroviral treatment
No	54	33.3	76	39.0	1.00
Yes	108	66.7	119	61.0	1.28	0.83–1.97	0.27
Total	162	100.0	195	100.0
Mode of HIV transmission
Vertical	215	95.5	619	94.4	1.00
Others	10	4.5	37	5.6	0.78	0.38–1.59	0.49
Total	225	100.0	656	100.0
Immunodeficiency
Absent	7	3.0	392	58.6	1.00
Present	222	97.0	277	41.4	44.88	6.73–20.82	<0.001
Total	229	100.0	669	100.0
Clinical category of HIV (CDC
Categories N and A	55	24.0	457	68.1	1.00
Categories B and C	174	76.0	214	31.9	6.76	4.79–9.53	<0.001
Total	229	100.0	671	100.0

Reference [20].