Vitamin K1 Exerts Antiproliferative Effects and Induces Apoptosis in Three Differently Graded Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines

Table 1

The polyamine profile: putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm), and total polyamine (Total) in Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480 cell lines following administration of vitamin K1 (VK1) increasing concentrations (from 10 M to 200 M) after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h.

Caco-2		Control	VK1 10 M	VK1 50 M	VK1 100 M	VK1 200 M
24 h	Put	0.70 ± 0.06	0.34 ± 0.03	0.30 ± 0.05
	Spd	12.17 ± 0.44	12.30 ± 0.95	9.43 ± 0.35
	Spm	11.63 ± 0.33	12.07 ± 0.52	10.87 ± 0.29	11.53 ± 0.26	11.33 ± 0.67
	Total	24.50 ± 0.72	24.71 ± 0.39	20.60 ± 0.62
48 h	Put	0.87 ± 0.07	0.57 ± 0.07
	Spd	16.47 ± 0.33	10.53 ± 0.37	9.63 ± 0.38
	Spm	13.07 ± 0.69	12.73 ± 0.48	12.13 ± 0.47	12.60 ± 0.49	11.97 ± 0.022
	Total	30.41 ± 0.83	23.57 ± 0.74
72 h	Put	0.57 ± 0.04	0.48 ± 0.05
	Spd	10.53 ± 0.32	9.72 ± 0.40
	Spm	15.83 ± 0.35	14.93 ± 0.46
	Total	26.94 ± 0.70	25.13 ± 0.92
HT-29		Control	VK1 10 M	VK1 50 M	VK1 100 M	VK1 200 M
24 h	Put	0.76 ± 0.05	0.65 ± 0.04	0.53 ± 0.13	0.55 ± 0.10	0.58 ± 0.08
	Spd	13.04 ± 0.05	12.67 ± 0.18	13.03 ± 0.12	12.93 ± 0.18	12.76 ± 0.23
	Spm	9.70 ± 0.32	9.93 ± 0.28	9.60 ± 0.63	10.13 ± 0.54	9.97 ± 0.24
	Total	23.49 ± 0.39	23.27 ± 0.35	23.30 ± 0.76	23.71 ± 0.55	23.38 ± 0.47
48 h	Put	1.41 ± 0.11	1.14 ± 0.23	1.06 ± 0.18
	Spd	10.11 ± 0.27	9.43 ± 0.24	9.45 ± 0.19
	Spm	14.40 ± 0.47	14.47 ± 0.20	13.40 ± 0.40
	Total	25.92 ± 0.81	25.04 ± 0.55	23.91 ± 0.43
72 h	Put	0.53 ± 0.18	0.52 ± 0.08	0.30 ± 0.03
	Spd	8.44 ± 0.29	8.46 ± 0.31	7.50 ± 0.43
	Spm	13.50 ± 0.32	10.50 ± 0.46	8.30 ± 0.32
	Total	22.47 ± 0.79	19.48 ± 0.84	16.10 ± 0.66
SW480		Control	VK1 10 M	VK1 50 M	VK1 100 M	VK1 200 M
24 h	Put	2.24 ± 0.20	1.45 ± 0.09	1.03 ± 0.14
	Spd	13.27 ± 0.26	11.74 ± 0.14	9.73 ± 0.32
	Spm	12.93 ± 0.29	12.03 ± 0.20	10.77 ± 0.29
	Total	28.44 ± 0.75	25.22 ± 0.43	21.53 ± 0.75
48 h	Put	1.59 ± 0.17	1.04 ± 0.18	0.79 ± 0.11
	Spd	9.93 ± 0.29	8.73 ± 0.39	7.60 ± 0.40
	Spm	13.13 ± 0.40	13.05 ± 0.62	12.16 ± 0.20
	Total	24.65 ± 0.52	22.82 ± 0.45	20.55 ± 0.72
72 h	Put	1.79 ± 0.11	1.57 ± 0.14	1.65 ± 0.09
	Spd	7.31 ± 0.21	6.58 ± 0.25	6.27 ± 0.17
	Spm	12.58 ± 0.23	12.18 ± 0.18	12.38 ± 0.38
	Total	21.68 ± 0.55	20.33 ± 0.46	20.30 ± 0.64

compared to control cells.