Mycophenolate Mofetil Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice

Figure 4

MMF reduces renal chemokines and macrophages recruitment. Real-time PCR for CCL2, CCL3, CCL20, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL9, and 18S (a). Infiltrating the renal CD68⁺ cells in glomeruli and tubulointerstitium was observed by immunohistochemical analysis (b) and the infiltration of CD68⁺ cells was quantitatively scored (c). Each sample was run in triplicate in separate tubes to permit quantification of the target gene expression normalized to 18S expression. The results are expressed as mean ± SE. , versus db/m; , , and versus db/db.

(a)

(b)

(c)