Electroencephalographic Changes Associated with Antinociceptive Actions of Lidocaine, Ketamine, Meloxicam, and Morphine Administration in Minimally Anaesthetized Dogs

Table 3

Pre- and posttreatment absolute values (mean ± SE) of Ptot (µV²) with their percentage change (mean values) after continuous lidocaine and ketamine infusion.

Treatment	Before treatment	% change	Dose 1	% change	Dose 2	% change
Ptot (LCRI)
Before stimulation	8.51 ± 1.14^a		7.87 ± 0.97^a		8.75 ± 1.04^a
After stimulation	8.04 ± 1.42^a	10.41	6.32 ± 0.75^b	18.87	6.48 ± 0.78^b	25.46
Ptot (KCRI)
Before stimulation	8.44 ± 1.3^a		9.24 ± 0.97^a		8.63 ± 1.18^a
After stimulation	7.25 ± 1.08^b	14.13	6.82 ± 1.11^b	27.41	6.52 ± 0.9^b	21.85

Means within a row and column in each treatment group followed by different letters are significantly different at (). Ptot = total power of the EEG. LCRI = lidocaine continuous rate infusion. Dose 1 = 2 mg/kg loading + 50 mg/kg/min (lidocaine) and 3 mg/kg loading + 10 mg/kg/min (ketamine). Dose 2 = 100 mg/kg/min (lidocaine) and 50 mg/kg/min (ketamine).