Development of Electroactive and Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidizing (Anammox) Biofilms from Digestate in Microbial Fuel Cells

Figure 6

Molecular analysis of the biofilm. (a) PCR amplification of the indicated genes. 100 ng of DNA is used for each PCR reaction. (b) Upper panel, PCR amplification of the 16 rRNA gene, and the cd1 nitrite reductase (NirS) of the anammox bacteria. (c) Relative quantification (RQ) of the anammox 16S rRNA gene in the MFC-C and MFC-U biofilms with respect to digestate. Data are mean, standard deviation, ; statistical analysis (-test): MFC-C versus digestate ; MFC-U versus digestate .

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