Prehospital Volume Therapy as an Independent Risk Factor after Trauma

Table 6

Multivariate regressions analysis in patients after severe trauma, a subgroup analysis in patients without severe traumatic brain injury.

Without AIS head ≥ 4;	Odds ratio	95% CI
Age, y
0–54	Reference
55–64	2.09	1.39–3.16
65–74	7.69	5.37–11.02
≥75	23.13	16.04–33.36
Revised Trauma Score
GCS 13–15	Reference
GCS 9–12	1.55	1.09–2.24
GCS 8–6	1.91	1.21–3.01
GCS 5-4	4.24	2.24–8.01
GCS 3	3.31	2.20–4.97
Prehospital blood pressure, mmHg
≥91	Reference
61–90	1.93	1.44–2.59
0–60	3.66	2.31–5.81
Blunt trauma	Reference
Penetrating trauma	1.26	0.72–2.19
Prehospital intubation	1.33	0.93–1.89
Prehospital catecholamines	1.91	1.33–2.76
Prehospital resuscitation	1.55	0.78–3.09
Prehospital chest tube	0.75	0.48–1.04
NISS	1.07	1.06–1.09
Prehospital volume, mL
0–500	Reference
501–1000	1.44	0.89–2.35
1001–1500	1.77	1.08–2.92
1501–2000	2.24	1.32–3.80
≥2001	2.71	1.62–4.52

GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale. ISS: Injury Severity Score. NISS: New Injury Severity Score. AIS: Abbreviated Injury Scale.