Risk Factors for Reduced Salivary Flow Rate in a Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of participants ( = 1,377).

		%	Age (mean ± SD)	Men (%)
Total	1,377	100.0	58.6 ± 9.9	43.2
Salivary flow rate (mL/min)
1.0–2.0	274	19.9	59.1 ± 10.3	27.4
2.0–3.0	405	29.4	59.5 ± 9.6	32.1
3.0–4.0	381	27.7	58.6 ± 9.8	47.0
≧4.0	317	23.0	56.9 ± 10.1	66.6
Age
40–49	282	20.5	44.9 ± 2.9	37.9
50–59	482	35.0	55.0 ± 2.9	43.6
60–69	402	29.2	64.3 ± 2.8	42.3
≧70	211	15.3	74.1 ± 3.7	51.2
Medical history of stroke
Yes	32	2.3	65.9 ± 7.1	56.3
No	1,345	97.7	58.4 ± 9.9	42.9
Use of antihypertensive agent
Yes	339	24.6	64.6 ± 8.8	51.3
No	1,038	75.4	56.6 ± 9.5	40.6
Smoking habits
Current smoker	251	18.2	54.9 ± 8.6	79.3
Noncurrent smoker	1,126	81.8	59.4 ± 10.0	35.2
Alcohol intake
Current drinker	753	54.7	57.7 ± 9.8	59.9
Noncurrent drinker	624	45.3	59.7 ± 10.0	23.1
Tooth brushing frequency
Once a day	416	30.2	59.2 ± 10.4	64.7
Twice or more a day	957	69.5	58.3 ± 9.8	33.8
Missing	4	0.3	59.5 ± 4.2	75.0
BMI
≧25	373	27.1	58.5 ± 9.6	48.3
<25	1,004	72.9	58.6 ± 10.1	41.3
Serum albumin (g/dL)
Normal (≧4)	1,168	84.8	58.2 ± 9.8	43.2
Low (<4)	209	15.2	60.8 ± 10.3	43.1
2 h postload plasma glucose levels (mg/dL)
Diabetes (≧200)	141	10.2	63.2 ± 9.7	63.1
Nondiabetes (<200)	1,213	88.1	57.9 ± 9.8	41.1
Missing	23	1.7	64.8 ± 8.8	34.8
Dental prosthetic status
≧20 remaining natural teeth with dentures	92	6.7	64.8 ± 8.4	50.0
≧20 remaining natural teeth without dentures	1,091	79.2	56.7 ± 9.4	42.6
<20 remaining natural teeth with dentures	150	10.9	67.3 ± 8.5	41.3
<20 remaining natural teeth without dentures	44	3.2	61.8 ± 8.1	50.0
Plaque score
≧1	365	26.5	61.4 ± 10.5	57.0
<1	1,012	73.5	57.5 ± 9.5	38.2
Periodontal status
Periodontitis	640	46.5	60.3 ± 9.8	50.9
Nonperiodontitis	737	53.5	57.1 ± 9.8	36.5

SD: standard deviation.