Bone Regeneration from PLGA Micro-Nanoparticles

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the main BMP molecular pathway to osteogenesis. BMPs interact with cell surface receptors I and II to activate Smads 1, 5, and 8. These activated Smads activate Smad 4. All together as a protein complex activate Runx2, Dlx5, and Osterix.