Research Article
Benzodiazepines and Z-Drug Use among HIV-Infected Patients in Taiwan: A 13-Year Nationwide Cohort Study
Table 1
Demographic data and prevalence of BZDs and Z-drugs use among patients with HIV and the control group.
| | | Patients with HIV
() | Controls
() | value |
| | Age at HIV infection/enrollment (years, SD) | 33.41 (13.81) | 33.41 (13.81) | | | Sex (male, %) | 787 (72.8) | 787 (72.8) | | | Duration of infection (years, SD) | 6.63 (4.09) | — | | | Any use of BZDs and Z-drug (, %) | 826 (76.4) | 417 (38.6) | <0.001 | | Nonuser | 255 (23.6) | 664 (61.4) | | | BZDs alone user | 415 (38.4) | 227 (21.0) | | | Z-drugs alone user | 21 (1.9) | 25 (2.3) | | | Combination user | 390 (36.1) | 165 (15.3) | | | cDDD of BZDs and Z-drug (SD, , %) | 376.15 (1137.35) | 140.25 (955.57) | <0.001 | | <180 | 751 (69.5) | 921 (85.2) | | | ≧180 | 330 (30.5) | 160 (14.8) | | | Psychiatric comorbidities (, %) | | | | | Any mood disorder | 140 (13.0) | 121 (11.2) | 0.235 | | Any anxiety disorder | 155 (13.4) | 121 (11.2) | 0.033 | | Alcohol use disorder | 9 (0.8) | 8 (0.7) | >0.999 | | Substance use disorder | 110 (10.2) | 107 (9.9) | 0.886 | | Insomnia | 191 (17.7) | 167 (15.4) | 0.183 | | Level of urbanization (, %) | | | 0.963 | | 1 (most urbanized) | 385 (35.6) | 399 (36.9) | | | 2 | 324 (30.0) | 321 (29.7) | | | 3 | 185 (17.1) | 174 (16.1) | | | 4 | 120 (11.1) | 120 (11.1) | | | 5 (most rural) | 67 (6.2) | 67 (6.2) | | | Income-related insured amount | | | 0.010 | | ≤15,840 NTD/month | 457 (42.3) | 388 (35.9) | | | 15,841~25,000 NTD/month | 332 (30.7) | 370 (34.2) | | | ≥25,001 NTD/month | 292 (27.0) | 323 (29.9) | |
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SD: standard deviation; NTD: New Taiwan Dollar; cDDD: cumulative defined daily dose.
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