Normative Data for an Instrumental Assessment of the Upper-Limb Functionality

Figure 1

Marker placement. Five hemispherical markers with a diameter of 15 mm are attached to the spinous process of D5 (), the spinous process of C7 (), the acromion (), the lateral epicondyle of the elbow (), and the styloid process of the ulna () (a). , the target marker, is, for the RM, attached to a tailor-made support adjustable for height (b), whereas it is estimated for the HtMM and placed 10 cm above and 5 cm in front of , that is, virtually inside the mouth (c). The calculated variables are also indicated.

(a)

(b)

(c)