Research Article

Arctigenin, a Potent Ingredient of Arctium lappa L., Induces Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Attenuates Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Vasospasm through PI3K/Akt Pathway in a Rat Model

Table 1

Physiological parameters among the experimental groups.

GroupParameter
Body weight (gm)Systolic Blood pressureGOT/GPT (IU/L)BUN/Cr (mg/dL)pHTemperature (°C)

Sham374 ± 24104 ± 129.2 ± 3.1/7.1 ± 2.84.0 ± 2.3/0.23 ± 0.147.36 ± 0.0436.5 ± 0.33
SAH360 ± 31111 ± 810.2 ± 4.0/11.2 ± 3.09.4 ± 1.3/0.55 ± 0.147.37 ± 0.1036.1 ± 0.41
SAH + Vehicle359 ± 46102 ± 1212.4 ± 4.0/10.6 ± 3.810.2 ± 3.5/0.48 ± 0.167.38 ± 0.1536.6 ± 0.42
SAH + Arctigenin
 50 M/kg/day366 ± 49108 ± 1310.8 ± 4.2/13.4 ± 4.810.4 ± 4.3/0.88 ± 0.357.36 ± 0.1436.8 ± 0.32
 150 M/kg/day368 ± 36100 ± 1212.6 ± 3.8/7.8 ± 4.211.6 ± 4.1/1.3 ± 0.387.36 ± 0.4136.6 ± 0.51
 450 M/kg/day370 ± 4294 ± 3413.5 ± 2.6/7.8 ± 3.812.4 ± 2.6/0.86 ± 0.437.38 ± 0.1336.7 ± 0.13

Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM, = 9; versus SAH condition by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyses followed by Mann-Whitney -test.