Ureteral Involvement and Diabetes Increase the Risk of Subsequent Bladder Recurrence after Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Table 1

Clinicopathological characteristics stratified by ureteral involvement in 532 patients with UUT-UC treated by RNU.


Variable	No ureteral involvement, (%)	Ureteral involvement, (%)

	299 (56.2)	233 (43.8)
Median follow-up period (months)	51.5	43.9	0.227
Age (years)			0.685
<65	131 (43.8)	98 (42.1)
≥65	168 (56.2)	135 (57.9)
BMI (mean ± SD)			0.185
Gender			0.533
Male	157 (52.5)	116 (49.8)
Female	142 (47.5)	117 (50.2)
Residency			0.035^*
Nonarsenic	295 (98.7)	223 (95.7)
Arsenic	4 (1.3)	10 (4.3)
Smoking			0.801
No	232 (78.1)	176 (77.2)
Yes	65 (21.9)	52 (22.8)
Herb			0.058
No	174 (93.0)	118 (86.8)
Yes	13 (7.0)	18 (13.2)
DM			0.132
No	158 (84.5)	106 (77.9)
Yes	29 (15.5)	30 (22.1)
Hypertension			0.363
No	122 (65.2)	82 (60.3)
Yes	65 (34.8)	54 (39.7)
eGFR (mL/min)			0.105
<60	51 (33.3)	30 (24.4)
>60	102 (66.7)	93 (75.6)
Hemodialysis			0.065
No	277 (92.6)	204 (87.9)
Yes	22 (7.4)	28 (12.1)
Operation method			0.236
Open
Transperitoneal	27 (23.5)	14 (19.4)
Retroperitoneal	27 (23.5)	27 (37.5)
Laparoscopy
Transperitoneal	35 (30.4)	18 (25.0)
Retroperitoneal	26 (22.6)	13 (18.1)
Multiplicity			<0.001^*
No	164 (87.7)	91 (66.9)
Yes	23 (12.3)	45 (33.1)
Grade			0.004^*
Low	150 (54.9)	86 (41.7)
High	123 (45.1)	120 (58.3)
T stage			<0.001^*
Ta~T1	146 (56.4)	87 (39.5)
T2	21 (8.1)	62 (28.2)
T3~4	89 (34.4)	67 (30.5)
Tis	3 (1.2)	4 (1.8)
N stage			0.278
N0	218 (90.5)	182 (93.3)
N1, N2, N3	23 (9.5)	13 (6.7)

Data expressed as mean ± SD or numbers (%), BMI: body mass index, DM: diabetes mellitus, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, nonarsenic: non-black-foot disease endemic area, and arsenic: black foot disease endemic area.
^*Significant difference, .

BioMed Research International

Ureteral Involvement and Diabetes Increase the Risk of Subsequent Bladder Recurrence after Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Table 1