The Diagnostic Ability of Follow-Up Imaging Biomarkers after Treatment of Glioblastoma in the Temozolomide Era: Implications from Proton MR Spectroscopy and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping

Table 4

Comparison of MRS and ADC results with other studies focusing on differentiation of GBM recurrence and treatment-related changes: No. pt. = number of patients, Dg = diagnosis, RI = radiation injury, GR = glioma recurrence, Tu = tumor, and RN = radiation necrosis.

Authors	Primary; grade [No. pt.]	MR [T]	Dg		Cho/Cr	Cho/NAA	NAA/Cr	ADC; 10^−3 m^2/s
Hein et al. [30]	III/10	1.5	GR	12				1.18 ± 0.13
	IV/8		RI	6				1.40 ± 0.17
Weybright et al. [31]	II–IV/24	1.5	GR	16	2.52 (1.66–4.26)	3.48 (1.70–6.47)	0.79 (0.47–1.15)
	Other/5		RI	13	1.57 (0.72–1.76)	1.31 (0.83–1.78)	1.22 (0.94–1.69)
Zeng et al. [32]	III/36	3.0	Tu	32	2.82 ± 0.65	3.52 ± 0.98	0.84 ± 0.23	1.20 ± 0.08
	IV/19		RI	23	1.61 ± 0.34	1.55 ± 0.54	1.10 ± 0.26	1.39 ± 0.09
Nakajima et al. [33]	II/4	1.5	GR	7	3.17 ± 0.83
	III/6, IV/8		RN	11	2.25 ± 0.80
Bobek-Billewicz et al. [34]	III/6	1.5/3.0	GR	5	2.16 (1.67–3.15)	1.9 (0.86–2.36)		1.06 ± 0.18
	IV/2		RI	6	1.34 (1.13–2.37)	2.1 (0.97–2.87)		1.13 ± 0.13
Amin et al. [35]	II/5	1.5	GR	18	2.00 ± 0.20	1.60 ± 0.27
	III/12, IV/7		RN	6		0.94 ± 0.3
Present study, 2015	IV/24	3.0	GR	18	0.95 ± 0.27	2.20 ± 0.55	0.45 ± 0.13	1.152 ± 0.064
			RI	6	0.82 ± 0.34	0.86 ± 0.37	1.03 ± 0.38	1.383 ± 0.045